A rayuwa ta gaske, menene ya kamata mu yi lokacin da famfon ruwa ya gaza?Bari in bayyana muku wani ilimi a wannan fanni.Abubuwan da ake kira na'urar sarrafa bawul za a iya raba kusan kashi biyu, ɗaya laifin na'urar ne kanta, ɗayan kuma laifin tsarin, wanda shine laifin gano kayan aiki da tsarin sarrafawa yayin aikin samarwa.
1. Taike bawul-ruwa famfo daidaita bawul kayan aiki gazawar
Nau'in gazawar farko, saboda gazawar ta bayyana a sarari, hanyar sarrafawa tana da sauƙi.Don irin wannan gazawar, ma'aikatan kula da kayan aiki sun taƙaita jerin hanyoyin 10 don yanke hukunci na gazawar kayan aiki.
1. Hanyar Bincike: Ta hanyar bincike da fahimtar abin da ya faru na rashin nasara da tsarin ci gabansa, yin nazari da yanke hukunci game da abin da ya haifar da gazawar.
2. Hanyar dubawa da hankali: ba tare da wani kayan gwaji ba, lura da gano kuskure ta hanyar hankalin mutum (ido, kunnuwa, hanci, hannaye).
3. Hanyar warwarewar da'ira: cire haɗin ɓangaren da ake zargi daga dukkan na'ura ko kewayen naúrar, kuma duba idan laifin zai iya ɓacewa, don sanin wurin da laifin ya kasance.
4. Hanyar gajeren zagayawa: ɗan gajeren zagayawa wani matakin da'ira ko sassan da ake zargi da kuskure, kuma duba ko akwai wani canji a yanayin kuskure don tantance laifin.
5. Hanyar Sauyawa: Ta hanyar maye gurbin wasu sassa ko allunan da'ira don tantance kuskure a wani matsayi.
6. Hanyar rarraba: A cikin aikin gano kurakurai, raba sassan da'ira da kayan lantarki zuwa sassa da yawa don gano musabbabin laifin.
7. Dokar katsalandan jikin ɗan adam: Jikin ɗan adam yana cikin gurɓataccen filin lantarki (ciki har da filin lantarki wanda grid na AC ke samarwa), kuma zai haifar da ƙarancin ƙarancin mitar lantarki (kusa da dubun zuwa ɗaruruwan microvolts).Lokacin da hannun ɗan adam ya taɓa wasu da'irar na'urori da mita, da'irar za su yi tunani.Ana iya amfani da wannan ƙa'idar don ƙayyade wasu ɓangarori na da'ira cikin sauƙi.
8. Hanyar wutar lantarki: Hanyar wutar lantarki ita ce a yi amfani da multimeter (ko wasu voltmeter) don auna ɓangaren da ake zargi tare da kewayon da ya dace, da kuma auna wutar lantarki daban-daban na AC da wutar lantarki na DC.
9. Hanyar yanzu: Hanyar da ake amfani da ita ta kasu kashi kai tsaye da aunawa kai tsaye.Auna kai tsaye shine haɗa ammeter bayan an cire haɗin kewaye, kuma kwatanta ƙimar da aka auna tare da ƙimar da ke ƙarƙashin yanayin al'ada na mita don yin hukunci akan laifin.Ma'aunin kaikaice ba ya buɗe kewaye, yana auna raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan juriya, kuma yana ƙididdige ƙimar kimar halin yanzu bisa ƙimar juriya, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don auna ma'aunin abin transistor na yanzu.
10. Hanyar juriya: Hanyar bincikar juriya ita ce duba ko shigarwa da juriya na fitarwa na gaba dayan da'ira da sashin kayan aiki na al'ada ne, ko capacitor ya karye ko ya zube, da kuma ko inductor da transformer sun katse.Waya, gajeriyar kewayawa, da sauransu.
2. Taike bawul-ruwa famfo regulating bawul tsarin gazawar
Don nau'in gazawar kayan aiki na biyu, wato, gazawar kayan aiki a cikin tsarin sarrafa ganowa yayin aikin samarwa, ya fi rikitarwa.An yi bayaninsa ta fuskoki guda uku: mahimmanci, rikitarwa da kuma ainihin ilimin kula da kuskure.
1. Muhimmancin magance matsala
A cikin aikin samar da man fetur da sinadarai, gazawar kayan aiki yakan faru.Tun da tsarin ganowa da sarrafawa ya ƙunshi kayan aiki da yawa (ko abubuwan haɗin gwiwa) ta hanyar igiyoyi (ko tubing), yana da wuya a tantance wacce hanyar haɗin gwiwa ta gaza.Yadda za a yi hukunci daidai da magance gazawar kayan aiki a kan lokaci yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na samar da man fetur da sinadarai, da inganci da amfani da samfuran sinadarai.Har ila yau, yana nuna ainihin iyawar aiki da matakin kasuwanci na ma'aikatan kayan aiki da masu fasaha na kayan aiki.
2, da sarkakiya na sarrafa kuskure
Saboda halaye na bututun mai, tsarin aiki, da cikakken tsarin sarrafa man fetur da ayyukan samar da sinadarai, musamman ma babban matakin sarrafa kansa a cikin kamfanonin sinadarai na zamani, ayyukan sarrafawa suna da alaƙa da kayan aikin ganowa.Ma'aikatan tsari suna nuna sigogi daban-daban na tsari, kamar yanayin zafi, ta kayan aikin ganowa., Material kwarara, matsa lamba da ruwa matakin, albarkatun kasa abun da ke ciki, da dai sauransu don yin hukunci ko tsarin samar da shi ne al'ada, ko ingancin samfurin ya cancanci, bisa ga umarnin na kayan aiki don ƙara ko rage samar, ko ma dakatar.Babban abin al'ada na nunin nuni (alamar tana da girma, ƙananan, ba canzawa, rashin kwanciyar hankali, da dai sauransu), kanta ta ƙunshi abubuwa biyu:
(1) Abubuwan tsari, kayan aiki da aminci suna nuna yanayin rashin daidaituwa na tsari;
(2) Ma'anar kayan aiki, saboda kuskure a cikin wani hanyar haɗi na kayan aiki (tsarin aunawa), akwai rashin kuskuren sigogin tsari.Wadannan abubuwa guda biyu koyaushe suna haɗuwa tare, kuma yana da wahala a yanke hukunci nan da nan, wanda ke ƙara rikiɗar sarrafa kuskuren kayan aiki.
3. Ilimin asali na magance matsala
Masu fasahar kayan aiki da masu fasahar kayan aiki dole ne su yanke hukunci akan gazawar kayan aiki akan lokaci kuma daidai.Bugu da ƙari, shekaru na tara ƙwarewar aiki, dole ne su kasance da masaniya game da ƙa'idar aiki, tsari, da halayen kayan aiki.Bugu da ƙari, ya zama dole a san kowane hanyar haɗi a cikin tsarin kula da ma'auni, don fahimtar yanayin jiki da sinadarai na matsakaicin tsari, da kuma halayen manyan kayan aikin sinadarai.Wannan zai iya taimaka wa ƙwararren masani don faɗaɗa tunaninsa kuma ya taimaka bincika da yanke hukunci ga gazawar.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-06-2021