Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu za mavavu amankhwala

1. Asidi wa sulfuriki Monga imodzi mwazinthu zowononga zowononga kwambiri, sulfuric acid ndi yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale yaiwisi yomwe imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri. Kuwonongeka kwa sulfuric acid ndi ndende zosiyanasiyana ndi kutentha kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri. Kwa sulfuric acid yokhazikika yokhala ndi ndende yopitilira 80% ndi kutentha kosakwana 80 ℃, chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chotayira zimakhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri, koma sikoyenera kuthamangitsa sulfuric acid. Sikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zamapampu; zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri wamba monga 304 (0Cr18Ni9) ndi 316 (0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti) zili ndi ntchito zochepa zogwiritsa ntchito sulfuric acid media. Choncho, ma valve opopera onyamula sulfuric acid nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba cha silicon (chovuta kuponyera ndi kukonza) ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (aloyi 20). Fluoroplastics amalimbana bwino ndi sulfuric acid, ndipo ma valve okhala ndi fluorine ndi chisankho chopanda ndalama.

2. Acetic acid ndi imodzi mwazinthu zowononga kwambiri mu ma organic acid. Chitsulo wamba chidzaipitsidwa kwambiri mu asidi acetic nthawi zonse ndi kutentha. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri cholimbana ndi asidi. 316 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zili ndi molybdenum ndizoyeneranso kutentha kwambiri komanso Kuchepetsa mpweya wa acetic acid. Pazofunikira monga kutentha kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa asidi acetic kapena zinthu zina zowononga, mavavu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena ma valve a fluoroplastic amatha kusankhidwa.

3. Hydrochloric acid Zida zambiri zazitsulo sizigonjetsedwa ndi hydrochloric acid corrosion (kuphatikizapo zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zosapanga dzimbiri), ndipo high-silicon ferro-molybdenum ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu hydrochloric acid pansi pa 50 ° C ndi 30%. Mosiyana ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, zinthu zambiri zopanda zitsulo zimakhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa hydrochloric acid, kotero mavavu a rabara ndi mavavu apulasitiki (monga polypropylene, fluoroplastics, etc.) ndi njira yabwino yoyendetsera hydrochloric acid.

4. Nitric acid. Zitsulo zambiri zimawonongeka msanga mu nitric acid. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi nitric acid kugonjetsedwa ndi zinthu. Ili ndi kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri kumagulu onse a nitric acid kutentha kwapakati. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi molybdenum (monga Kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa 316, 316L) ku asidi wa nitric sikungotsika chabe chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (monga 304, 321), ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale chotsika. Pa kutentha kwa nitric acid, titaniyamu ndi titaniyamu alloy zipangizo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.