Mavharuvhu chikamu chakakosha chepombi system, uye mavharuvhu esimbi ndiwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumiti yemakemikari. Basa revhavha rinonyanya kushandiswa kuvhura nekuvhara, kupuruzira uye kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwepombi uye midziyo. Nokudaro, kusarudzwa kwakarurama uye kunonzwisisika kwemavharuvhu esimbi kunoita basa rinokosha mukuchengetedzwa kwemiti uye masisitimu ekudzora mvura.
1. Mhando uye kushandiswa kwemavharuvhu
Kune marudzi akawanda emavharuvhu muinjiniya. Nekuda kwemusiyano wekumanikidza kwemvura, tembiricha uye zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvimiro, izvo zvinodikanwa zvekudzora masisitimu emvura zvakare zvakasiyana, kusanganisira mavharuvhu emagedhi, mavharuvhu ekumisa (throttle mavharuvhu, tsono mavharuvhu), cheki mavharuvhu, uye plugs. Mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu ebhora, butterfly mavharuvhu uye diaphragm mavharuvhu ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa mumiti yemakemikari.
inowanzo shandiswa kudzora kuvhurika nekuvhara kwemvura, nekuramba kwemvura kudiki, kuvharika kwakanaka, kuyerera kusingadzoreki kutungamira kwepakati, diki simba rekunze rinodiwa pakuvhura nekuvhara, uye hupfupi chimiro.
Dzinde revharuvhu rakakamurwa kuita dzinde rakajeka uye dzinde rakavanzwa. Iyo yakafumurwa stem gedhi vharafu inokodzera corrosive media, uye yakafumurwa stem gedhi vharafu inonyanya kushandiswa mumakemikari engineering. Mavharuvhu egedhi akavigwa anonyanya kushandiswa mumigwagwa yemvura, uye anonyanya kushandiswa mukutsikirira-kudzvanya, kusaodza kwepakati nguva, senge mamwe mavharuvhu esimbi nemhangura. Chimiro chegedhi chinosanganisira wedge gedhi uye parallel gedhi.
Wedge magedhi akakamurwa kuva rimwe gedhi uye maviri gedhi. Parallel makondohwe anonyanya kushandiswa mumafuta uye gasi ekufambisa masisitimu uye haawanzo kushandiswa mumakemikari zvinomera.
1.2Stop valve
inonyanya kushandiswa kucheka. Iyo yekumisa vharafu ine hombe yemvura inopikisa, yakakura kuvhura uye kuvhara torque, uye ine mafambiro ekutungamira zvinodiwa. Kuenzaniswa nemavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu epasi ane zvinotevera zvakanakira:
(1) Simba rekukwenya kwenzvimbo yekuvharisa idiki pane yevharuvhu yegedhi panguva yekuvhura nekuvhara, uye haibatike.
(2) Kureba kwekuvhura idiki pane gedhi vharafu.
(3) Ivhavha yeglobhu inowanzova nepamusoro pekuvhara chete, uye nzira yekugadzira yakanaka, iyo iri nyore kugadzirisa.
Globe valve, sevhavha yegedhi, inewo tsvimbo yakajeka uye tsvimbo yakasviba, saka handisi kuzozvidzokorora pano. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana evharuvhu chimiro chemuviri, iyo yekumisa vharafu ine yakatwasuka-kuburikidza, kona uye Y-mhando. Iyo yakatwasuka-kuburikidza mhando ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, uye iyo kona yemhando inoshandiswa uko kuyerera kwemvura kunochinja 90 °.
Mukuwedzera, iyo throttle valve uye vheji yetsono zvakare imhando yevhavha yekumisa, iyo ine simba rekudzora basa pane yakajairika yekumisa vharafu.
1.3Chevk valve
Cheki vharafu inonziwo one-way valve, iyo inoshandiswa kudzivirira reverse kuyerera kwemvura. Nokudaro, paunenge uchiisa cheki chekivhavha, teerera kune nzira yekuyerera yepakati inofanira kuenderana nekutungamirirwa kwemuseve pane cheki cheki. Kune akawanda marudzi echeki mavharuvhu, uye vagadziri vakasiyana-siyana vane zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana, asi ivo vanonyanya kukamurwa kuva swing mhando uye kusimudza mhando kubva pachimiro. Swing cheki mavharuvhu anonyanya kusanganisira imwe vharafu mhando uye kaviri vharafu mhando.
Butterfly vharuvhu inogona kushandiswa kuvhura nekuvhara uye kupuruzira yepakati yemvura ine yakaturikwa yakaoma. Iine diki diki rekudzivirira, huremu huremu, diki chimiro saizi, uye nekukurumidza kuvhura nekuvhara. Inokodzera mapaipi makuru-diameter. Iyo butterfly valve ine imwe shanduko basa uye inogona kutakura slurry. Nekuda kweiyo kumashure kwekugadzirisa tekinoroji munguva yakapfuura, butterfly mavharuvhu akashandiswa muhurongwa hwemvura, asi kashoma mumagadzirirwo ehurongwa. Nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu, dhizaini uye kugadzirisa, butterfly mavharuvhu ave achiwedzera kushandiswa muhurongwa hwekuita.
Butterfly mavharuvhu ane marudzi maviri: chisimbiso chakapfava uye chisimbiso chakaoma. Kusarudzwa kwechisimbiso chakapfava uye chisimbiso chakaoma zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nekupisa kwemvura yepakati. Zvichienderana, kuita chisimbiso kwechisimbiso chakapfava chiri nani pane chisimbiso chakaoma.
Kune marudzi maviri ezvisimbiso zvakapfava: rabha uye PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) zvigaro zvevharuvhu. Rubber seat butterfly mavharuvhu (rubber-lined valve bodies) anonyanya kushandiswa mumasisitimu emvura uye ane centreline chimiro. Iri rudzi rwevhavhavhavhavha inogona kuiswa pasina gaskets nekuti flange yerubha lining inogona kushanda se gasket. PTFE chigaro butterfly mavharuvhu anonyanya kushandiswa mu process system, kazhinji imwe eccentric kana kaviri eccentric chimiro.
Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvisimbiso zvakaoma, zvakadai sezvindori zvakagadziriswa zvindori, zvisimbiso zvakawanda (Laminated seals), nezvimwe. Mamiriro evhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavha inodiwa katatu eccentric,inogadzirisa matambudziko ekuwedzera kwemafuta muripo uye kupfeka muripo. Iyo yakapetwa kaviri eccentric kana katatu eccentric chimiro chakaoma chisimbiso butterfly vharafu inewo nzira mbiri yekuisa chisimbiso, uye reverse yayo (yakaderera kumanikidza divi kusvika kune yakakwira yekumanikidza divi) yekuisa chisimbiso haifanirwe kunge iri pasi pe80% yenzira yakanaka (yakanyanya kumanikidza divi kune low pressure side). Kugadzira uye kusarudzwa kunofanira kutaurirana nemugadziri.
1.5 Cock valve
Iyo plug valve ine diki yekupokana kwemvura, kuita chisimbiso kwakanaka, hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi, uye inogona kuiswa chisimbiso mumativi ese, saka inowanzoshandiswa pazvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya kana zvakanyanya, asi yekuvhura nekuvhara torque yakakura, uye mutengo wakakura. zvakakwirira. Iyo plug valve cavity haiunganidze mvura, kunyanya izvo zviri mumudziyo unopindirana hazvikonzere kusvibiswa, saka vharafu yeplug inofanira kushandiswa mune dzimwe nguva.
Iyo yekuyerera kwevhavhavhavhavha inogona kukamurwa kuita yakatwasuka, matatu-nzira uye ina-nzira, iyo yakakodzera kune akawanda-directional kugoverwa kwegasi uye mvura yemvura.
Mavharuvhu ejongwe anogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: asina-kuzora uye anozorwa. Oiri-yakavharwa plug valve ine kumanikidzirwa lubrication inoumba firimu remafuta pakati pepuragi uye chisimbiso pamusoro pepuragi nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwekuzora. Nenzira iyi, kuiswa chisimbiso kuri nani, kuvhura nekuvhara ndiko kuponesa basa, uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso inodzivirirwa kubva pakukuvadzwa, asi inofanirwa kutariswa kana iyo lubrication ichisvibisa zvinhu, uye iyo isiri-lubricated mhando inosarudzwa. kuchengetedza nguva dzose.
Sleeve chisimbiso chevhavhavha yeplug inoenderera uye inotenderedza plug yese, saka iyo fluid haibate shaft. Uye zvakare, iyo plug valve ine dhizaini yesimbi inoumba diaphragm sechisimbiso chechipiri, saka plug vharafu inogona kunyatso kudzora kubuda kwekunze. Mavharuvhu eplug kazhinji haana kurongedza. Kana pane zvakakosha zvinodiwa (sekubuda kwekunze hazvibvumidzwe, nezvimwewo), kurongedza kunodiwa sechisimbiso chechitatu.
Iyo dhizaini dhizaini yevhavhavhavha inobvumira iyo plug valve kugadzirisa chigaro chevhavha yekuvharisa online. Pamusana pekushanda kwenguva refu, nzvimbo yekuvhara ichapfekwa. Nekuda kwekuti plug yakadhindwa, plug inogona kudzvanywa pasi nebhaudhi yevhavhavhavha kuti iite kuti inyatsoenderana nechigaro chevharuvhu kuti iwane chisimbiso.
1.6 bhora vharafu
Basa revhavha yebhora rakafanana nevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavharu. Ivhavha yebhora ine yakanaka yekuisa chisimbiso, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Ivhavha yebhora inovhura uye inovhara nekukurumidza, kuvhura nekuvhara torque idiki pane iyo yevhavhavhavha, kushorwa kudiki kwazvo, uye kuchengetedza kuri nyore. Iyo yakakodzera kune slurry, viscous fluid uye yepakati mapaipi ane yakakwira chisimbiso zvinodiwa. Uye nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera, mavharuvhu ebhora anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura mavharuvhu eplug. Mavharuvhu ebhora anogona kazhinji kuverengerwa kubva pachimiro chebhora, chimiro chemuviri wevharuvhu, nzira yekuyerera uye chigaro zvinhu.
Zvinoenderana neyakatenderera chimiro, kune anoyangarara mavharuvhu ebhora uye akagadziriswa bhora mavharuvhu. Iyo yekutanga inonyanya kushandiswa kune madhayamita madiki, iyo yekupedzisira inoshandiswa kune madhayamita mahombe, kazhinji DN200 (CLASS 150), DN150 (CLASS 300 uye CLASS 600) semuganho.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chemuviri wevharuvhu, kune marudzi matatu: imwe-chidimbu mhando, maviri-chidimbu mhando uye matatu-chidimbu mhando. Kune mhando mbiri dzeimwe-chidimbu mhando: yepamusoro-yakaiswa mhando uye parutivi-yakaiswa mhando.
Maererano nefomu yekumhanya, kune dhayamita yakazara uye yakaderedzwa dhayamita. Yakaderedzwa-dhayamita bhora mavharuvhu anoshandisa zvinhu zvishoma pane yakazara-dhayamita bhora mavharuvhu uye akachipa. Kana mamiriro ekuita achibvumidza, anogona kutariswa zvakasarudzika. Bharavhavha inoyerera nzira dzinogona kukamurwa kuita dzakatwasuka, nhatu-nzira uye ina-nzira, iyo inokodzera akawanda-directional kugovera gasi uye mvura yemvura. Maererano nezvigaro zvechigaro, pane chisimbiso chakapfava uye chisimbiso chakaoma. Kana ichishandiswa mumidhiya inobvira kana nharaunda yekunze ingangopisa, vharafu yebhora yakapfava inofanirwa kunge iine anti-static uye fire-proof dhizaini, uye zvigadzirwa zvemugadziri zvinofanirwa kupfuura anti-static uye moto-uchapupu bvunzo, senge zvinoenderana ne API607. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune mavharuvhu akapfava-akavharwa uye mavharuvhu eplug (mavharuvhu eplug anogona kungosangana nekunze kwekudzivirira kwemoto zvinodiwa mukuedzwa kwemoto).
1.7 diaphragm valve
Diaphragm vharafu inogona kuvharirwa mumativi ese, inokodzera yakaderera kudzvanywa, corrosive slurry kana yakamiswa viscous fluid medium. Uye nekuda kwekuti iyo yekushandisa inoparadzaniswa kubva pakati chiteshi, iyo fluid inogurwa neiyo elastic diaphragm, iyo inonyanya kukodzera yepakati mune zvekudya uye zvekurapa uye hutano maindasitiri. Kupisa kwekushanda kwevhavhavha ye diaphragm kunoenderana nekupisa kwekushisa kwezvinhu zve diaphragm. Kubva pane chimiro, inogona kukamurwa kuita yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nemhando uye weir mhando.
2. Kusarudzwa kwekupedzisira kwekubatanidza fomu
Mafomu ekubatanidza anowanzo shandiswa evhavha inopera anosanganisira flange yekubatanidza, threaded connection, butt welding connection uye socket welding connection.
2.1 flange kubatana
Kubatana kweFlange kunobatsira kuisa valve uye disassembly. Iyo valve end flange yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro mafomu anonyanya kusanganisira yakazara nzvimbo (FF), yakasimudzwa pamusoro (RF), concave pamusoro (FM), rurimi uye groove pamusoro (TG) uye mhete yekubatanidza pamusoro (RJ). Iyo flange miyero yakatorwa neAPI mavharuvhu akateedzana akadai se ASMEB16.5. Dzimwe nguva unogona kuona Kirasi 125 uye Kirasi 250 mamakisi pamavharuvhu ane flanged. Iyi ndiyo giredhi yekumanikidza yeakakanda iron flanges. Yakafanana nekukura kwekubatanidza kweKirasi 150 neKirasi 300, kunze kwekuti nzvimbo dzekuvharira dzekutanga dzizere ndege (FF).
Wafer uye Lug mavharuvhu akaiswawo flanged.
2.2 Butt welding yekubatanidza
Pamusana pesimba rakakwirira rekubatana kwe-butt-welded uye kusungirirwa kwakanaka, mavharuvhu akabatanidzwa ne-butt-welded mumakemikari system anonyanya kushandiswa mune imwe kupisa kwepamusoro, kukwirira kwepamusoro, midhiya ine chepfu, inopisa uye nguva dzinoputika.
2.3 Socket welding uye threaded yekubatanidza
inowanzo shandiswa mumapombi masisitimu ayo saizi yezita isingapfuure DN40, asi haigone kushandiswa kune fluid media ine crevice corrosion.
Kubatanidza tambo hakuzoshandiswe pamapombi ane muchetura uye anopisa midhiya, uye panguva imwe chete, inozodziviswa kushandiswa mumamiriro ekurodha. Parizvino, inoshandiswa muzviitiko apo kudzvinyirirwa hakusi kwepamusoro muprojekti. Iyo shinda fomu papombi inonyanya kunyungudika pombi shinda. Pane zvirevo zviviri zve tapered pipe thread. Makoni apex angles ari 55° uye 60° zvichiteerana. Izvo zviviri hazvigone kuchinjana. Pamapaipi ane zvinobatidza moto kana zvine njodzi midhiya, kana kuisirwa kuchida tambo yakasungirirwa, saizi yezita haifanire kudarika DN20 panguva ino, uye chisimbiso welding inofanira kuitwa mushure mekubatanidza tambo.
3. Zvinhu
Zvishandiso zvevharuvhu zvinosanganisira dzimba dzevharuvhu, zvemukati, gaskets, kurongedza uye fastener zvinhu. Nekuti kune akawanda mavharuvhu zvinhu, uye nekuda kwekugumira kwenzvimbo, chinyorwa ichi chinongozivisa muchidimbu zvakajairika mavharuvhu edzimba. Ferrous metal shell zvinhu zvinosanganisira cast iron, carbon steel, Stainless simbi, alloy simbi.
3.1 simbi yakakandwa
Grey cast iron (A1262B) inowanzo shandiswa pamavharuvhu epasi uye haikurudzirwe kushandiswa pamapombi ekugadzira. Kuita (kusimba uye kuoma) kwe ductile iron (A395) iri nani pane grey cast iron.
3.2 Carbon simbi
Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kabhoni simbi mukugadzira mavharuvhu ndeye A2162WCB (casting) uye A105 (forging). Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune kabhoni simbi inoshanda pamusoro pe400 ℃ kwenguva yakareba, izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwevhavha. Kune mavharuvhu ekushisa kwakadzika, anowanzo shandiswa ndeaya A3522LCB (casting) uye A3502LF2 (forging).
3.3 Austenitic simbi isina tsvina
Austenitic Stainless simbi zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa mumamiriro ekuora kana ultra-low tembiricha mamiriro. The zvinowanzoshandiswa castings vari A351-CF8, A351-CF8M, A351-CF3 uye A351-CF3M; anowanzo kushandiswa forgings A182-F304, A182-F316, A182-F304L uye A182-F316L.
3.4 alloy simbi zvinhu
Kune mavharuvhu ekudzika-kupisa, A352-LC3 (castings) uye A350-LF3 (forgings) inowanzoshandiswa.
Nokuti yakakwirira tembiricha mavharuvhu, anowanzoshandiswa vari A217-WC6 (kukanda), A182-F11 (forging) uye A217-WC9 (kukandira), A182-F22 (forging). Sezvo WC9 neF22 dziri dze2-1/4Cr-1Mo dzakatevedzana, dzine yakakwira Cr neMo pane iyo WC6 neF11 ye1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo nhevedzano, saka ivo vane zvirinani tembiricha yekukwira inokwira.
4. Drive mode
Kushanda kwevharuvhu kunowanzotora maitiro ekunyora. Kana vharafu ine yakakwirira zita rekumanikidza kana yakakura zita saizi, zvakaoma kushandisa nemaoko vharafu, kufambisa kwegiya uye dzimwe nzira dzekushanda dzinogona kushandiswa. Kusarudzwa kweiyo valve drive mode kunofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana nerudzi, zita rekumanikidza uye saizi yezita revhavha. Tafura 1 inoratidza mamiriro ayo magiya anotyaira anofanirwa kutariswa kune akasiyana mavharuvhu. Kune vakasiyana vanogadzira, aya mamiriro anogona kuchinja zvishoma, izvo zvinogona kutsanangurwa kuburikidza nekutaurirana.
5. Nheyo dzekusarudza valve
5.1 Mitemo mikuru inofanirwa kutariswa mukusarudzwa kwevharuvhu
(1) Hunhu hwemvura inounzwa huchakanganisa sarudzo yerudzi rwevharuvhu uye magadzirirwo evharuvhu.
(2) Basa rinodiwa (mutemo kana kucheka-kubvisa), iyo inonyanya kukanganisa kusarudzwa kwevhavha yemhando.
(3) Mamiriro ekushanda (ingave kazhinji), izvo zvinokanganisa kusarudzwa kwevhavha yemhando uye zvinhu zvevhavha.
(4) Kuyerera maitiro uye kurasikirwa kwekukwesha.
(5) Ukuru hwezita revhavha (mavharuvhu ane saizi yakakura yezita anogona kuwanikwa chete muhuwandu hushoma hwemhando dzevharuvhu).
(6) Zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa, sekuvhara otomatiki, kudzvinyirira chiyero, nezvimwe.
5.2 Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu
(1) Forgings anowanzo shandiswa kune madhayamita madiki (DN≤40), uye castings anowanzo shandiswa madhayamita mahombe (DN> 40). Kune iyo yekupedzisira flange ye forging valve body, iyo yakakosha forged valve body inofanirwa kufarirwa. Kana iyo flange yakasungirirwa kumuviri wevharuvhu, 100% kuongororwa kweradiographic kunofanirwa kuitwa pane weld.
(2) Iyo kabhoni yemukati yebutt-welded uye socket-welded kabhoni simbi valve miviri haifanirwe kudarika 0.25%, uye iyo kabhoni yakaenzana haifanirwe kudarika 0.45%
Cherechedza: Kana tembiricha kushanda austenitic Stainless simbi inodarika 425 ° C, kabhoni kugutsikana hakufaniri kuva asingasviki 0.04%, uye kupisa kurapwa mamiriro mukuru pane 1040 ° C nokukurumidza kutonhora (CF8) uye 1100 ° C nokukurumidza kutonhora (CF8M )
(4) Kana iyo fluid ichiora uye yakajairwa austenitic simbi isina tsvina haigone kushandiswa, zvimwe zvakakosha zvinofanirwa kutariswa, senge 904L, duplex simbi (senge S31803, nezvimwewo), Monel neHastelloy.
5.3 Kusarudzwa kwevhavha yegedhi
(1) Rigid gedhi rimwechete rinowanzoshandiswa kana DN≤50; elastic single gedhi rinowanzo shandiswa kana DN> 50.
(2) Kune inochinjika imwe gedhi vharafu ye cryogenic system, gomba remhepo rinofanira kuvhurwa pagedhi padivi rekumanikidza.
(3) Low-leakage gedhi mavharuvhu anofanirwa kushandiswa mumamiriro ekushanda anoda kuderera-kudonha. Low-leakage gedhi mavharuvhu ane akasiyana zvimiro, pakati pawo mabhero-mhando yegedhi mavharuvhu anowanzo shandiswa mumakemikari zvidyarwa.
(4) Kunyangwe vharafu yegedhi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mhando mune petrochemical kugadzira michina. Zvisinei, mavharuvhu emagedhi haafaniri kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
① Nekuti kureba kwekuvhura kwakakwira uye nzvimbo inodiwa yekushanda yakakura, haina kukodzera nguva dzine nzvimbo diki yekushanda.
② Nguva yekuvhura nekuvhara yakareba, saka haina kukodzera kuvhura nekukurumidza uye kuvhara nguva.
③ Haina kukodzera zvinwiwa zvine sedimentation yakasimba. Nokuti nzvimbo yokuisa chisimbiso ichasakara, gedhi harizovharwi.
④ Haina kukodzera kugadzirisa kuyerera. Nekuti kana gedhi regedhi rakavhurwa zvishoma, iyo yepakati inoburitsa eddy ikozvino kuseri kwegedhi, izvo zviri nyore kukonzera kukukurwa uye kuzununguka kwegedhi, uye chisimbiso chepamusoro pechigaro chevhavha chinokuvara zvakare nyore.
⑤ Kakawanda kushanda kwevhavha kunokonzera kupera kwakanyanya pamusoro pechigaro chevhavha, saka inowanzokodzera chete kushanda kusingawanzoitiki.
5.4 Kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu
(1) Kuenzaniswa nevhavha yegedhi yezvakatsanangurwa zvakafanana, vheji yekuvhara ine hukuru hukuru hwechimiro. Inowanzoshandiswa pamapombi ane DN≤250, nokuti kugadzirisa uye kugadzirwa kwevhavha yakakura-diameter yekuvhara-vharavha inonyanya kunetsa, uye kushandiswa kwechisimbiso hakuna kufanana neiyo yevhavha-diki-diameter yekuvhara-vharavhavhavha.
(2) Pamusana pekudzivirira kukuru kwemvura yevhavha yekuvhara, haikodzeri kune yakamiswa yakasimba uye nhepfenyuro yemvura ine viscosity yakakwirira.
(3) Ivhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhanganashoesheswa diki diki inoyerera yakanaka kugadzirisa kana sesampling valve. Inowanzoshandiswa kune zviduku zviduku. Kana iyo caliber yakakura, basa rekugadzirisa rinodiwawo, uye throttle valve inogona kushandiswa. Panguva ino, valve clack ine chimiro chakadai separabola.
4 Mavharuvhu akadzika-leakage akavhara-vhara ane zvimiro zvakawanda, pakati pawo mabhero-mhando yekuvhara mavharuvhu anowanzoshandiswa mumiti yemakemikari.
Mabhero emhando yeglobe mavharuvhu anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfuura mabhero emhando yegedhi mavharuvhu, nekuti mabhero emhando yeglobe mavharuvhu ane mabhero mapfupi uye hupenyu hurefu hwekutenderera. Nekudaro, mabhero mavharuvhu anodhura, uye mhando yemabhero (senge zvinhu, nguva yekutenderera, nezvimwewo) uye welding zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwebasa uye kushanda kwevharuvhu, saka kutarisisa kwakanyanya kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakusarudza.
5.5 Kusarudzwa kwevhavhavhavha
(1) Horizontal lift cheki mavharuvhu anowanzo kushandiswa muzviitiko neDN≤50 uye anogona chete kuiswa pamapaipi akachinjika. Vertical lift cheki mavharuvhu anowanzo shandiswa muzviitiko neDN≤100 uye anoiswa pamapaipi akatwasuka.
(2) Kusimudza cheki chevhavha inogona kusarudzwa nechimiro chechitubu, uye kushanda kwekuvhara panguva ino kuri nani pane iyo isina chitubu.
(3) Iyo shoma dhayamita ye swing cheki vharafu kazhinji DN> 50. Inogona kushandiswa pahorizontal pombi kana vertical pombi (mvura inofanira kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro), asi zviri nyore kukonzera mvura sando. The kaviri dhisiki cheki vharafu (Double Disc) kazhinji chimedu mhando, inova zvikuru nzvimbo-kuponesa cheki vharafu, iyo yakanakira pombi marongerwo, uye inonyanya kushandiswa pahombe diameters. Sezvo dhisiki reyakajairwa swing cheki vharafu (imwe disc mhando) haigone kuvhurwa zvizere kusvika 90 °, pane kumwe kuyerera kupikisa, saka kana iyo nzira ichida, yakakosha zvinodiwa (inoda kuvhurwa kwakazara kwe disc) kana Y type Lift. cheki vharafu.
(4) Panyaya yesando yemvura inobvira, cheki valve ine inononoka kuvhara mudziyo uye damping mechanism inogona kutariswa. Rudzi urwu rwevharuvhu rinoshandisa svikiro mupombi kubhafa, uye panguva iyo cheki vharafu yakavharwa, inogona kubvisa kana kuderedza sando yemvura, kudzivirira pombi uye kudzivirira pombi kuyerera ichidzokera kumashure.
5.6 Kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu yeplug
(1) Nekuda kwematambudziko ekugadzira, isina-lubricated plug mavharuvhu DN> 250 haifanirwe kushandiswa.
(2) Pazvinenge zvichidiwa kuti chivharo chevhavha chirege kuunganidza mvura, vharafu yepulagi inofanira kusarudzwa.
(3) Kana kuiswa chisimbiso kwevhavha yakapfava-chisimbiso haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa, kana kubuda kwemukati kuchiitika, plug valve inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo.
(4) Kune mamwe mamiriro ekushanda, tembiricha inochinja kazhinji, yakajairika plug valve haigone kushandiswa. Nekuti shanduko yetembiricha inokonzeresa kuwedzera kwakasiyana uye kudhonzwa kwezvikamu zvevharuvhu uye zvisimbiso zvinhu, kupfupika kwenguva refu kwekurongedza kunokonzeresa kuvuza padivi pehunde yevharuvhu panguva yekupisa bhasikoro. Panguva ino, zvakakosha kufunga mavharuvhu akakosha, akadai seSevere service series yeXOMOX, isingagoni kugadzirwa muChina.
5.7 Kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu yebhora
(1) Iyo yepamusoro-yakaiswa bhora valve inogona kugadziriswa online. Matatu-chidimbu bhora mavharuvhu anowanzo shandiswa kune yakarukwa uye socket-welded yekubatanidza.
(2) Kana pombi iine bhora-kuburikidza nehurongwa, mavharuvhu ebhora akazara chete anogona kushandiswa.
(3) Chisimbiso chekuisa chisimbiso chechisimbiso chakapfava chiri nani pane chisimbiso chakaoma, asi hachigone kushandiswa pakupisa kwepamusoro (tembiricha yekudzivirira kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvisiri zvesimbi zvekuisa chisimbiso hazvina kufanana).
(4) haizoshandiswe muzviitiko izvo kuunganidzwa kwemvura muvhavhavha isingabvumirwe.
5.8 Kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu ye butterfly
(1) Kana migumo yese yevharuvhu yeshavishavi ichida kubviswa, bag rine shinda kana kuti flange shavivhavha yeshavishavi inofanira kusarudzwa.
(2) Iyo dhayamita shoma yepakati pe butterfly valve inowanzonzi DN50; hudiki dhayamita ye eccentric butterfly valve kazhinji ndeye DN80.
(3) Paunenge uchishandisa katatu eccentric PTFE seat butterfly valve, U-shaped seat inokurudzirwa.
5.9 Kusarudzwa kweDiafhragm Valve
(1) Iyo yakatwasuka-kuburikidza mhando ine yakaderera mvura kuramba, kuvhura kwenguva refu uye kuvhara sitiroko ye diaphragm, uye hupenyu hwesevhisi hwe diaphragm haina kunaka seiyo yemhando yemhando.
(2) Mhando yeweir ine hombe yemvura inopikisa, kuvhura kupfupi nekuvhara kwe diaphragm, uye hupenyu hwesevhisi hwe diaphragm huri nani pane hweyakatwasuka-kuburikidza nemhando.
5.10 simba rezvimwe zvinhu pakusarudza valve
(1) Kana iyo inobvumirwa kudonha kwegadziriro idiki, rudzi rwevhavha ine kushomeka kwemvura kunofanirwa kusarudzwa, senge gedhi vharafu, yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nebhora bhora, nezvimwe.
(2) Kana kuvharika kwekukurumidza kuchidiwa, mavharuvhu eplug, mavharuvhu ebhora, uye mavharuvhu eshavishavi zvinofanira kushandiswa. Kune madhayamita madiki, mavharuvhu ebhora anofanirwa kusarudzwa.
(3) Mavharuvhu mazhinji anoshanda pa-saiti ane mavhiri emaoko. Kana pane imwe nzvimbo kubva panzvimbo yekushanda, sprocket kana tsvimbo yekuwedzera inogona kushandiswa.
(4) Pamvura inopenya, slurries uye midhiya ine zvidimbu zvakasimba, mavharuvhu epuragi, mavharuvhu ebhora kana butterfly mavharuvhu anofanira kushandiswa.
(5) Kune akachena masisitimu, plug mavharuvhu, bhora mavharuvhu, diaphragm mavharuvhu uye butterfly mavharuvhu anowanzo kusarudzwa (zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinodiwa, senge kukwenenzverwa zvinodiwa, chisimbiso zvinodiwa, nezvimwewo).
(6) Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, mavharuvhu ane kudzvinyirirwa ratings inopfuura (kusanganisira) Kirasi 900 uye DN≥50 shandisa kumanikidza seal bonnet (Pressure Seal Bonnet); mavharuvhu ane kudzvinyirirwa ratings yakaderera pane (kusanganisira) Kirasi 600 shandisa mavharuvhu mabhaudhi Chivharo (Bolted Bonnet), kune mamwe mamiriro ekushanda anoda zvakasimba kudzivirira kudonha, bhoneti yakasungwa inogona kutariswa. Mune mamwe mapurojekiti eruzhinji akaderera-kudzvinyirira uye akajairwa-tembiricha, mabhoneti emubatanidzwa (Union Bonnet) anogona kushandiswa, asi chimiro ichi hachiwanzo kushandiswa.
(7) Kana vharafu ichida kuchengetwa ichidziya kana kutonhora, mibato yevharuvhu yebhora nevharuvhu yeplug inoda kurebeswa painobatana nedzinde revharuvhu kudzivirira vharafu yekuvharisa layer, kazhinji isingapfuure 150mm.
(8) Kana iyo caliber iri diki, kana chigaro chevharuvhu chakaremara panguva yekupisa uye kupisa kupisa, vharafu ine muviri wakareba wevhavha kana pombi pfupi pamagumo inofanira kushandiswa.
(9) Mavhavha (kunze kwecheki mavharuvhu) ye cryogenic systems (pazasi -46 ° C) inofanira kushandisa yakawedzera bonnet mutsipa chimiro. Dzinde revharuvhu rinofanirwa kurapwa neanoenderana nepamusoro kurapwa kuti iwedzere kuoma kwepamusoro kudzivirira dzinde revharuvhu uye yekurongedza nekurongedza gland kubva pakukwenya uye kukanganisa chisimbiso.
Mukuwedzera pakufungisisa pamusoro pezvinhu zviri pamusoro pakusarudza muenzaniso, maitiro ekugadzirisa, kuchengeteka uye hupfumi zvinhu zvinofanirawo kufungidzirwa zvakakwana kuita sarudzo yekupedzisira yefomu yevhavha. Uye iyo inofanirwa kunyora vheji data sheet, iyo general valve data sheet inofanira kunge iine zvinotevera zvirimo:
(1) Zita, dzvinyiriro yezita, uye saizi yezita revharuvhu.
(2) Dhizaini uye yekuongorora zviyero.
(3) Valve code.
(4) Chimiro chevhavha, chimiro chebhoneti uye kuguma kwevhavhavha.
(5) Mavharuvhu edzimba zvekushandisa, chigaro chevharuvhu uye vharafu ndiro yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro pezvinhu, vharafu madzinde uye zvimwe zvemukati zvikamu zvemukati, kurongedza, vharafu yevhavha gaskets uye fastener zvinhu, nezvimwe.
(6) Dhiraivha maitiro.
(7) Packaging uye zvekufambisa zvinodiwa.
(8) Mukati uye kunze anti-corrosion zvinodiwa.
(9) Hunhu hunodiwa uye zvisara zvinodiwa.
(10) Zvinodiwa neMuridzi uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa (sekumaka, nezvimwewo).
6. Mashoko okupedzisira
Valve inobata chinzvimbo chakakosha mumakemikari system. Kusarudzwa kwemavharuvhu epombi kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvakawanda zvakaita sechikamu chenyika (mvura, mhute), yakasimba yemukati, kudzvanywa, tembiricha, uye ngura zvimiro zvemvura iri kutakurwa mupombi. Mukuwedzera, kushanda kwakavimbika uye kusina matambudziko, mari yacho inonzwisisika uye kutenderera kwekugadzira kunokoshawo kufunga.
Munguva yakapfuura, pakusarudza zvigadzirwa zvevharuvhu mukugadzirwa kweinjiniya, kazhinji chete ganda reganda raifungidzirwa, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvakaita sezvikamu zvemukati hazvina kuteererwa. Kusarudzwa kusina kukodzera kwezvinhu zvemukati zvinowanzoita kuti kukundikana kwechisimbiso chemukati chevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhare kurongedza uye valve cover gasket, iyo ichakanganisa hupenyu hwebasa, iyo isingazozadzisi kushandiswa kwekutanga kunotarisirwa uye kukonzera njodzi nyore nyore.
Tichitarisa kubva pamamiriro ezvinhu aripo, mavharuvhu eAPI haana kodhi yakabatana yekuzivikanwa, uye kunyangwe iyo vhezheni yenyika ine seti yezviziviso nzira, haigone kuratidza zvakajeka zvikamu zvemukati nezvimwe zvinhu, pamwe nezvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa. Nokudaro, muprojekti yeinjiniya, vheji inodiwa inofanira kurondedzerwa zvakadzama nekunyora pepa re data yevhavha. Izvi zvinopa nyore kusarudzwa kwevharuvhu, kutenga, kuisirwa, kutumwa uye zvikamu zvakasara, inovandudza kushanda zvakanaka, uye inoderedza mukana wekukanganisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-13-2021